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CoderzColumn Tutorials

Learning is a lifelong process. But you must know what, where, and how to learn? What skills to develop? What skills will help you boost your career? If not, you are at the right place! Our tutorial section at CoderzColumn is dedicated to providing you with all the practical lessons. It will give you the experience to learn Python for different purposes and code on your own. Our tutorials cover:

  • Python Programming - threading, multiprocessing, concurrent.futures, asyncio, queue, imaplib, smtplib, email, mimetypes, cprofile, profile, tracemalloc, logging, ipywidgets, beautifulsoup, filecmp, glob, shutil, tarfile, zipfile, argparse, datetime, traceback, abc, contextlib, warnings, dataclasses, re, difflib, textwrap, collections, heapq, bisect, weakref, configparser, signa, ipaddress, xarray, pandas, subprocess, sched, etc.
  • Artificial Intelligence - PyTorch, Keras, Tensorflow, JAX, MXNet, Torchvision, Torchtext, GluonCV, GluonNLP, etc
  • Machine Learning - Scikit-Learn, Statsmodels, XGBoost, CatBoost, LightGBM, optuna, scikit-optimize, hyperopt, bayes_opt, scikit-plot, lime, shap, eli5, etc.
  • Data Science - missingno, seaborn, pandas, sweetviz, numpy, networkx, xarray, awkward-array, etc.
  • Data Visualization - Matplotlib, Bokeh, Bqplot, Plotnine, Altair, Plotly, Cufflinks, Holoviews, dash, streamlit, panel, voila, bokeh, geopandas, geoviews, folium, ipyleaflet, geoplot, cartopy, etc.
  • Digital Marketing - SEO tactics, marketing strategies, Social Media marketing, and more.

For an in-depth understanding of the above concepts, check out the sections below.

Recent Tutorials

Tags bokeh-charts, annotations
How to Add Annotations to Bokeh Charts?
Data Science

How to Add Annotations to Bokeh Charts?

A simple guide to add annotations to charts created using Python data viz library bokeh. Tutorial explains different annotations like arrows, labels, polygons, spans, ranges, bound, boxes, etc. We have also covered styling of these annotations with simple examples.

Sunny Solanki  Sunny Solanki
Oct 07, 2022 ~25 mins
Tags GluonCV, Image-Segmentation, Pre-trained-Models
GluonCV: Image Segmentation using Pre-Trained MXNet Models
Artificial Intelligence

GluonCV: Image Segmentation using Pre-Trained MXNet Models

A brief guide on how to pre-trained MXNet models available from GluonCV library to perform image segmentation task. Tutorial loads various pre-trained MXNet models and makes predictions on images downloaded from internet to detect segments/objects present in them.

Sunny Solanki  Sunny Solanki
Oct 05, 2022 ~30 mins
Tags tape-archives, tar-files
tarfile - Simple Guide to Work with Tape Archives in Python
Python

tarfile - Simple Guide to Work with Tape Archives in Python

A simple guide to use Python library tarfile to work with tape archives (tarfile). Tutorial explains how to read existing tar files, create tar files, add files to tar archives, extract contents of tar archives, compress contents using different algorithms, etc.

Sunny Solanki  Sunny Solanki
Oct 04, 2022 ~30 mins
Tags bokeh, ipywidgets, widgets
How to Link Bokeh Charts with IPywidgets widgets to Dynamically Update Charts?
Data Science

How to Link Bokeh Charts with IPywidgets widgets to Dynamically Update Charts?

A simple guide to create interactive GUI using Python data viz library Bokeh and widgets library ipywidgets. Tutorial explains how we can link ipywidgets widgets (like dropdowns, checkboxes, sliders, etc) with Bokeh charts to dynamically update them with changes in widget states.

Sunny Solanki  Sunny Solanki
Oct 03, 2022 ~30 mins
Tags Image-Segmentation, PyTorch, Pre-trained-models
PyTorch: Image Segmentation using Pre-Trained Models (torchvision)
Artificial Intelligence

PyTorch: Image Segmentation using Pre-Trained Models (torchvision)

A detailed guide on how to use pre-trained PyTorch models available from Torchvision module for image segmentation tasks. Tutorial explains how to use pre-trained models for instance segmentation as well as semantic segmentation.

Sunny Solanki  Sunny Solanki
Oct 02, 2022 ~30 mins
Tags zip-archive
ZipFile - Simple Guide to Work with Zip Archives in Python
Python

ZipFile - Simple Guide to Work with Zip Archives in Python

A simple guide on how to use Python module zipfile to handle Zip archives in Python. Tutorial covers topics like reading existing zip archives, creating new archives, appending new files to existing archives, compressing contents using different algorithms, etc.

Sunny Solanki  Sunny Solanki
Oct 02, 2022 ~30 mins
Tags candlestick, mplfinance, plotly, bokeh, bqplot, c…
Candlestick Chart in Python (mplfinance, plotly, bokeh, bqplot & cufflinks)
Data Science

Candlestick Chart in Python (mplfinance, plotly, bokeh, bqplot & cufflinks)

A simple guide to creating candlestick charts in Python using data visualization libraries mplfinance (matplotlib), Plotly, Bokeh, Bqplot, and Cufflinks. The tutorial covers a simple styling guide as well. Charts created using mplfinance are static whereas interactive for other libraries.

Sunny Solanki  Sunny Solanki
Oct 01, 2022 ~20 mins
Tags data-visualizaton, altair
Altair - Basic Interactive Plotting in Python
Data Science

Altair - Basic Interactive Plotting in Python

A simple guide on how to create interactive charts using Python library Altair in Jupyter notebook with simple examples. Altair is a Python data visualization library built on top of javascript libraries Vega and Vega-lite. Tutorial covers basic charts like scatter charts, bar charts, line charts, area charts, histograms, box plots, pie charts, heatmaps, etc. Tutorial is a good starting point for beginners.

Sunny Solanki  Sunny Solanki
Sep 17, 2022 ~30 mins
Tags python, multiprocessing, multiprocessing-using-py…
Python multiprocessing Module - Simple Guide to Work with Processes in Python
Python

Python multiprocessing Module - Simple Guide to Work with Processes in Python

A complete guide on how to use Python module multiprocessing to create processes and assign tasks to them for parallel execution with simple and easy-to-understand examples. Tutorial covers topics like how to create processes, how to make processes wait for other processes, how to kill or terminate processes, how to create a pool of processes and submit tasks to it, etc.

Sunny Solanki  Sunny Solanki
Sep 15, 2022 ~45 mins
Tags optuna, hyperparameters-tuning
Optuna: Simple Guide to Hyperparameters Tuning / Optimization
Machine Learning

Optuna: Simple Guide to Hyperparameters Tuning / Optimization

A comprehensive guide on how to use Python library "optuna" to perform hyperparameters tuning / optimization of ML Models. Tutorial explains usage of Optuna with scikit-learn regression and classification models. Tutorial also covers data visualization and logging functionalities provided by Optuna in detail. Optuna also lets us prune underperforming hyperparameters combinations.

Sunny Solanki  Sunny Solanki
Sep 12, 2022 ~45 mins

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Most Popular Tutorials

1. Candlestick Chart in Python (mplfinance, plotly, bokeh, bqplot & cufflinks)
2. ipywidgets - An In-depth Guide to Interactive Widgets in Jupyter Notebook
3. Simple Guide to Style Display of Pandas DataFrames
4. How to Use LIME to Understand sklearn Models Predictions [Python]?
5. imaplib - Simple Guide to Manage Mailboxes using Python

Tutorial Categories

Artificial Intelligence (83)
Data Science (84)
Digital Marketing (8)
Machine Learning (38)
Python (130)

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Parallel Computing using Python

Parallel Computing using Python

Parallel Computing is a type of computation where tasks are assigned to individual processes for completion. These processes can be running on a single computer or cluster of computers. Parallel Computing makes multi-tasking super fast.

Python provides different libraries (joblib, dask, ipyparallel, etc) for performing parallel computing.

joblib

joblib
ipyparallel

ipyparallel
dask.distributed

dask.distributed
dask.delayed

dask.delayed
dask.bag

dask.bag
Concurrent Programming in Python

Concurrent Programming in Python

Concurrent computing is a type of computing where multiple tasks are executed concurrently. Concurrent programming is a type of programming where we divide a big task into small tasks and execute these tasks in parallel. These tasks can be executed in parallel using threads or processes.

Python provides various libraries (threading, multiprocessing, concurrent.futures, asyncio, etc) to create concurrent code.

threading

threading
multiprocessing

multiprocessing
concurrent.futures

concurrent.futures
asyncio

asyncio
asyncio - Synchronization Primitives

asyncio - Synchronization Primitives
queue

queue
Visualize Machine Learning Metrics

Visualize Machine Learning Metrics

Once our Machine Learning model is trained, we need some way to evaluate its performance. We need to know whether our model has generalized or not.

For this, various metrics (confusion matrix, ROC AUC curve, precision-recall curve, silhouette Analysis, elbow method, etc) are designed over time. These metrics help us understand the performance of our models trained on various tasks like classification, regression, clustering, etc.

Python has various libraries (scikit-learn, scikit-plot, yellowbrick, interpret-ml, interpret-text, etc) to calculate and visualize these metrics.

Scikit-Learn: ML Model Evaluation Metrics

Scikit-Learn: ML Model Evaluation Metrics
scikit-plot

scikit-plot
yellowbrick

yellowbrick
interpret-ml

interpret-ml
interpret-text

interpret-text
Interpret Predictions Of ML Models

Interpret Predictions Of ML Models

After training ML Model, we generally evaluate the performance of model by calculating and visualizing various ML Metrics (confusion matrix, ROC AUC curve, precision-recall curve, silhouette Analysis, elbow method, etc).

These metrics are normally a good starting point. But in many situations, they don’t give a 100% picture of model performance. E.g., A simple cat vs dog image classifier can be using background pixels to classify images instead of actual object (cat or dog) pixels.

In these situations, our ML metrics will give good results. But we should always be a little skeptical of model performance.

We can dive further deep and try to understand how our model is performing on an individual example by interpreting results. Various algorithms have been developed over time to interpret predictions of ML models and many Python libraries (lime, eli5, treeinterpreter, shap, etc) provide their implementation.

LIME

LIME
Shap Values

Shap Values
eli5

eli5
treeinterpreter

treeinterpreter
dice-ml

dice-ml
Python Data Visualization Libraries

Python Data Visualization Libraries

Data Visualization is a field of graphical representation of information / data. It is one of the most efficient ways of communicating information with users as humans are quite good at capturing patterns in data.

Python has a bunch of libraries that can help us create data visualizations. Some of these libraries (matplotlib, seaborn, plotnine, etc) generate static charts whereas others (bokeh, plotly, bqplot, altair, holoviews, cufflinks, hvplot, etc) generate interactive charts. Majority of basic visualizations like bar charts, line charts, scatter plots, histograms, box plots, pie charts, etc are supported by all libraries. Many libraries also support advanced visualization, widgets, and dashboards.

matplotlib (Static Charts)

matplotlib (Static Charts)
bokeh (Interactive Charts)

bokeh (Interactive Charts)
bqplot (Interactive Charts)

bqplot (Interactive Charts)
plotnine (Static Charts)

plotnine (Static Charts)
altair (Interactive Charts)

altair (Interactive Charts)
seaborn (Static Charts)

seaborn (Static Charts)
holoviews (Static & Interactive Charts)

holoviews (Static & Interactive Charts)
cufflinks (Interactive Charts)

cufflinks (Interactive Charts)
hvplot (Interactive Charts)

hvplot (Interactive Charts)
Pandas-Bokeh (Interactive Charts)

Pandas-Bokeh (Interactive Charts)
Advanced Data Visualizations using Python

Advanced Data Visualizations using Python

Basic Data Visualizations like bar charts, line charts, scatter plots, histograms, box plots, pie charts, etc are quite good at representing information and exploring relationships between data variables.

But sometimes these visualizations are not enough and we need to analyze data from different perspectives. For this purpose, many advanced visualizations are developed over time like Sankey diagrams, candlestick charts, network charts, chord diagrams, sunburst charts, radar charts, parallel coordinates charts, etc. Python has many data visualization libraries that let us create such advanced data visualizations.

Candlestick Charts

Candlestick Charts
Sankey Diagrams

Sankey Diagrams
Sunburst Charts

Sunburst Charts
Chord Diagrams

Chord Diagrams
Network Charts

Network Charts
Parallel Coordinates Charts

Parallel Coordinates Charts
Radar Charts

Radar Charts
Treemap Charts

Treemap Charts
Connection Maps

Connection Maps
Choropleth Maps

Choropleth Maps
Scatter & Bubble Maps

Scatter & Bubble Maps
Python Deep Learning Libraries

Python Deep Learning Libraries

Deep learning is a field in Machine Learning that uses deep neural networks to solve tasks. The neural networks with generally more than one hidden layer are referred to as deep neural networks.

Many real-world tasks like object detection, image classification, image segmentation, etc can not be solved with simple machine learning models (decision trees, random forest, logistic regression, etc). Research has shown that neural networks with many layers are quite good at solving these kinds of tasks involving unstructured data (Image, text, audio, video, etc). Deep neural networks nowadays can have different kinds of layers like convolution, recurrent, etc apart from dense layers.

Python has many famous deep learning libraries (PyTorch, Keras, JAX, Flax, MXNet, Tensorflow, Sonnet, Haiku, PyTorch Lightning, Scikeras, Skorch, etc) that let us create deep neural networks to solve complicated tasks.

PyTorch

PyTorch
Keras

Keras
JAX

JAX
Flax

Flax
MXNet

MXNet
PyTorch Lightning

PyTorch Lightning
Haiku

Haiku
Sonnet

Sonnet
Scikeras

Scikeras
Skorch

Skorch
Image Classification

Image Classification

Image classification is a sub-field under computer vision and image processing that identifies an object present in an image and assigns a label to an image based on it. Image classification generally works on an image with a single object present in it.

Over the years, many deep neural networks (VGG, ResNet, AlexNet, MobileNet, etc) were developed that solved image classification task with quite a high accuracy. Due to the high accuracy of these algorithms, many Python deep learning libraries started providing these neural networks. We can simply load these networks with weights and make predictions using them.

Python libraries PyTorch and MXNet have helper modules named 'torchvision' and 'gluoncv’ respectively that provide an implementation of image classification networks.

PyTorch (Torchvision): Image Classification using Pre-trained Networks

PyTorch (Torchvision): Image Classification using Pre-trained Networks
MXNet (GluonCV): Image Classification using Pre-trained Networks

MXNet (GluonCV): Image Classification using Pre-trained Networks
Image Classification using PyTorch CNNs

Image Classification using PyTorch CNNs
Image Classification using Flax (JAX) CNNs

Image Classification using Flax (JAX) CNNs
Image Classification using MXNet CNNs

Image Classification using MXNet CNNs