Matplotlib recognizes the following formats to specify a color:
How "Alpha" behaves depends on the zorder of the Artist. Higher zorder Artists are drawn on top of lower Artists, and "Alpha" determines whether the lower artist is covered by the higher. If the old RGB of a pixel is RGBold and the RGB of the pixel of the Artist being added is RGBnew with Alpha alpha, then the RGB of the pixel is updated to RGB = RGBOld (1 - Alpha) + RGBnew Alpha. Alpha of 1 means the old color is completely covered by the new Artist, Alpha of 0 means that pixel of the Artist is transparent.
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib as mpl
th = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 128)
def demo(sty):
mpl.style.use(sty)
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(3, 3))
ax.set_title('style: {!r}'.format(sty), color='C0')
ax.plot(th, np.cos(th), 'C1', label='C1')
ax.plot(th, np.sin(th), 'C2', label='C2')
ax.legend()
demo('default')
demo('seaborn')
plt.show()
import matplotlib._color_data as mcd
import matplotlib.patches as mpatch
overlap = {name for name in mcd.CSS4_COLORS
if "xkcd:" + name in mcd.XKCD_COLORS}
fig = plt.figure(figsize=[4.8, 16])
ax = fig.add_axes([0, 0, 1, 1])
for j, n in enumerate(sorted(overlap, reverse=True)):
weight = None
cn = mcd.CSS4_COLORS[n]
xkcd = mcd.XKCD_COLORS["xkcd:" + n].upper()
if cn == xkcd:
weight = 'bold'
r1 = mpatch.Rectangle((0, j), 1, 1, color=cn)
r2 = mpatch.Rectangle((1, j), 1, 1, color=xkcd)
txt = ax.text(2, j+.5, ' ' + n, va='center', fontsize=10,
weight=weight)
ax.add_patch(r1)
ax.add_patch(r2)
ax.axhline(j, color='k')
ax.text(.5, j + 1.5, 'X11', ha='center', va='center')
ax.text(1.5, j + 1.5, 'xkcd', ha='center', va='center')
ax.set_xlim(0, 3)
ax.set_ylim(0, j + 2)
ax.axis('off')
plt.show()
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
t = np.linspace(0.0, 2.0, 201)
s = np.sin(2 * np.pi * t)
# 1) RGB tuple:
fig, ax = plt.subplots(facecolor=(.18, .31, .31))
# 2) hex string:
ax.set_facecolor('#eafff5')
# 3) gray level string:
ax.set_title('Voltage vs. time chart', color='0.7')
# 4) single letter color string
ax.set_xlabel('time (s)', color='c')
# 5) a named color:
ax.set_ylabel('voltage (mV)', color='peachpuff')
# 6) a named xkcd color:
ax.plot(t, s, 'xkcd:crimson')
# 7) Cn notation:
ax.plot(t, .7*s, color='C4', linestyle='--')
# 8) tab notation:
ax.tick_params(labelcolor='tab:orange')
plt.show()
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import colors as mcolors
colors = dict(mcolors.BASE_COLORS, **mcolors.CSS4_COLORS)
# Sort colors by hue, saturation, value and name.
by_hsv = sorted((tuple(mcolors.rgb_to_hsv(mcolors.to_rgba(color)[:3])), name)
for name, color in colors.items())
sorted_names = [name for hsv, name in by_hsv]
n = len(sorted_names)
ncols = 4
nrows = n // ncols
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(9, 8))
# Get height and width
X, Y = fig.get_dpi() * fig.get_size_inches()
h = Y / (nrows + 1)
w = X / ncols
for i, name in enumerate(sorted_names):
row = i % nrows
col = i // nrows
y = Y - (row * h) - h
xi_line = w * (col + 0.05)
xf_line = w * (col + 0.25)
xi_text = w * (col + 0.3)
ax.text(xi_text, y, name, fontsize=(h * 0.5),
horizontalalignment='left',
verticalalignment='center')
ax.hlines(y + h * 0.1, xi_line, xf_line,
color=colors[name], linewidth=(h * 0.6))
ax.set_xlim(0, X)
ax.set_ylim(0, Y)
ax.set_axis_off()
fig.subplots_adjust(left=0, right=1,
top=1, bottom=0,
hspace=0, wspace=0)
plt.show()
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